One of the most crucial parts of a washing machine is the motor. It provides the movement power for the drum, which effectively cleans your clothes. Your washing machine’s functionality is directly impacted by the kind and efficiency of the motor.
Terms like power, speed, and efficiency will come up when examining the technical specs of a washing machine motor. These specifics control the motor’s speed and output, which impacts the washing and spinning cycles.
Every motor is unique in its features. While some are made for heavy-duty use, others are more energy-efficient. Whether you’re looking to handle big loads or save energy, knowing these features will help you select a washing machine that suits your needs.
| Characteristic | Description |
| Motor Type | Brushless or brushed, indicating how the motor operates and its efficiency. |
| Power Consumption | The amount of electricity the motor uses during operation. |
| Speed | The number of revolutions per minute (RPM) the motor can reach. |
| Noise Level | How much noise the motor produces while running. |
| Durability | The expected lifespan of the motor based on its design and materials. |
| Energy Efficiency | How effectively the motor uses electricity, often impacting your electricity bills. |
- Types of washing machine motors
- Characteristics of asynchronous electric motors
- Characteristics of collector electric motors
- Video on the topic
- Motor of modern Bosch washing machines and those that were produced more than 15 years ago.
- Motor of washing machines. Evolution and new developments
- How does the motor of a washing machine work? Device. Diagnostics. Tachogenerator.
- Characteristics of motors from washing machines
Types of washing machine motors
The electric motor in a washing machine is a dependable component that malfunctions infrequently. As a result, motors from machines that have been in service for twenty to thirty years are excellent candidates for secondary use. With their assistance, artisans create grinding and lathe machines, crushers for apples and grains, compact concrete mixers, lawnmowers, and other practical home appliances.
An asynchronous electric motor, inverter, or collector can be installed in washing machines.
We will ascertain the characteristics that set apart various electric motors and power devices. We’ll outline the components that make up each engine.
Today’s most popular engines are collector engines, which are found in the majority of automatic devices. Such an electric motor’s design includes the following features:
- aluminum corps;
- rotor;
- stator;
- two brushes;
- tachometer.
These types of engines have four to eight conclusions. In this case, an electric power plant is required to connect the motor and the rotary winding. The automated machine’s lower section houses the collectors. Through a belt transmission, the engine’s impulses are sent to the drum’s pulp.
The most advanced are thought to be inverter motors. In 2005, they made their debut in vehicles manufactured by the South Korean automaker LG. Many manufacturers today have already adopted this inventive development; appliances with direct drive systems are made by Bosch, Samsung, Haier, Whirlpool, AEG, and other brands.
The drum is directly connected to the inverter motors. There is no drive belt or pulley on these machines. This type of electric motor’s design consists of:
- rotor (it is a cover with magnets);
- stator (these are several clips with coils);
- frequency converter.
Brushes on collectors need to be changed every three to five years; inverters do not have brushes. On the magnets, the anchor is created. When the device is operating, the voltage is applied to the stator winding, which becomes an inverter.
Asynchronous motors are the ones found in vintage activator washing machines, but they are hardly ever used in the manufacture of automated devices these days. These motors can run in two or three phases. These kinds of motors are present in early models of Candy, Ardo, and Bosch.
The machines’ asynchronous motor is situated below and uses a drive belt to connect with the drum. There is a stationary stator and a rotor in this design. These motors are basic and simple to maintain. Change the bearings on time, and the devices should function flawlessly for decades.
Characteristics of asynchronous electric motors
The earliest activator washing machine models from brands like Bosh, Candy, Miele, and Ardo have asynchronous motors. These electric motors are the most basic, having the most straightforward design. The operating temperature range for these power devices is -60 to +85 °C.
A rotor and a stator are the two primary components of an asynchronous motor, according to its design.
An electric motor’s stator is a stationary component made up of a winding and a metal housing. The motor’s rotor is a rotating component with a shaft and a core. The foundation for the rotor’s electric winding is the core, which is constructed from multiple steel plates.
These motors can be used in a wide range of situations. You can create a lathe or grinding machine, a pumping station, a lawnmower, a fan, a gearbox, and other systems with an asynchronous motor from an old machine. For this reason, skilled artisans always give the electric motor from a damaged washing machine a "second life" instead of discarding it.
The following are the general technical features of the asynchronous power units used in activator washing machines:
- power – from 180 to 360 watts;
- accepted voltage – 220 volts (+-22 V);
- synchronous rotation speed – up to 3000 rpm.
The asynchronous motor produces noise at a decibel level of 50 when it operates. Certain power device models might come with integrated temperature protection. Typically, manufacturers impose the following limitations on the application of these electric motors:
- up to 30 starts per hour;
- no more than two hundred starts in 24 hours;
- total number of starts per year – no more than 30 thousand.
These engines can withstand a 20% increase in rotation speed over the standard speed for 120 seconds at operating temperature without experiencing any deformation or other damage. Additionally, they have a two-minute "resistance" to a fifty percent current overload. All of this indicates how highly reliable these kinds of power devices are.
Characteristics of collector electric motors
These engines took the "position" held by asynchronous ones for a considerable amount of time. These electric motors are found in about 80% of washing machines in the low- and middle-class market today. Direct current and alternating current are both capable of powering collectors.
The collector is made up of a stator, a rotor, bearing shields, a tachometer that controls the rotation speed, and at least two brushes, as was previously mentioned. Graphite rods need to be replaced on a regular basis because they wear out easily.
The compact size, high starting torque, and high speed of collectors are among their benefits. An easy-to-use control circuit will also be beneficial.
You can use the collector model DK76-280-12 as an example to comprehend the technical features of these engines. The following are the primary indicators:
- rated operating voltage – 210-230 volts;
- frequency – 50 Hz;
- power – 0.5 kW;
- current consumption – 2.25-2.75 amperes;
- efficiency – not less than 55%.
Electric motor collectors typically have a five-year service life without needing repairs.
The collector DK76-280-12’srotor,a 12-slot package constructed of sturdy electrical steel, is mounted on a shaft. There is a two-layer winding in the slots. A fan is located on the anchor’s shaft and is essential for the flow of cooled air. This motor uses plain bearings, which are fitted into special sockets, as supports.
The electric brushes situated in specific side holders provide the connection between the rotor, stator, and external winding. The tips deteriorate during use, necessitating replacement on a regular basis. The increased noise that comes with collecting is another drawback.
The collector engines found in automatic washing machines typically have a capacity of between 380 and 800 watts. Therefore, it is preferable to locate the marking on the case and thoroughly examine the features of a particular model before reusing a disassembled power device.
Determine which collector terminal is meant for what before attaching the motor outside the washing machine. They probably won’t be needed because the tachogenerator requires two contacts to connect. The diagram indicates how the remaining outputs are used.
The performance and efficiency of the washing machine are largely determined by the motor. Selecting a washing machine that suits your needs can be made easier if you are aware of its technical features.
The type of motor, power, and speed are some of the factors that affect how well and how long the machine cleans clothes. Greater power motors are able to manage heavier loads, and variable speed motors provide greater washing cycle flexibility.
Furthermore, improvements in motor technology, such as brushless motors, offer quieter operation and increased energy efficiency, adding to the dependability and environmental friendliness of contemporary washing machines.
You can make sure that your washing machine not only produces fantastic cleaning results but also runs smoothly for many years to come by paying attention to these technical details.
A washing machine’s motor, which rotates the drum and directly affects the machine’s efficiency, speed, and performance, is its heart. While selecting a washing machine that satisfies their requirements for dependability, energy efficiency, and noise levels, consumers can choose with confidence if they are aware of the important features, such as power, speed control, and type (brushless, induction, or universal).
